Answer — Exercise 12

1

1. finished
2. unfinished – the company’s fortunes may possibly now have been turned around. We might also say it was on the verge of bankruptcy.

2

1. always – that’s her character.
2. at the moment – this is temporary. Examples include a child nagging or someone refusing to do something.

3

1. in the past
2. now

4

1. in the future – you want them to do it at some time in the future or you believe they will. The focus is on the solution / result.
2. now – you believe that they are doing it now. The focus is on the activity.

5

1. now – in effect 5a and 5b have a similar meaning. Improvement is happening now. It depends on time phrase (at the moment / nowadays).
2. up to now – focus here is before and including now. It depends on different time phrases (over the past / last few years, etc.).