Cover of the textbook Speakout Upper-Intermediate - Students' Book

The key answer of exercise 5

The key to exercise solutions in chapter 2.1 - Making a difference for the textbook Speakout Upper-Intermediate - Students' Book with authors Frances Eales and Steve Oakes from Pearson Education

Question

  1. Work in pairs and check what you know. Underline the correct alternative. Then check in the article. In which sentence are both forms possible?
  2. All the present perfect examples in Exercise 5A link the past to the present in some way. Work in pairs and discuss how.
  3. Work in pairs and complete the rules for choosing between the present perfect simple and the present perfect continuous. Give examples from the sentences in Exercise 5A.

Answer

a)

  1. 've been doing (used in the text, although 've done is also possible)
  2. has cleaned
  3. has always loved
  4. has turned
  5. 've already raised
  6. 've been dancing

b)

  • Sentences 1, 2 and 3 → The perfect is used here to describe activities or states which started in the past and continue up to now.
  • Sentences 4 and 5 → The perfect is used to describe an event / action in the past which is completed although we don't know when. The link is that we are interested now in the result this has had.
  • Sentence 6 → The perfect is used because the activity has only just finished and we can see the result now.

c)

  • Rule 1 → continuous, e.g. Sentences 1 and 6
  • Rule 2 → simple, e.g. Sentences 2, 4 and 5
  • Rule 3 → simple, e.g. Sentences 2 and 5
  • Rule 4 → simple, continuous, e.g. Sentence 1
  • Rule 5 → simple, e.g. Sentence 3