The key to exercise solutions in chapter 9 - In short for the textbook Outcomes Upper-Intermediate - Student's Book with authors Hugh Dellar and Andrew Walkley from National Geographic Learning
Question
Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.
Answer
by starting with a story or personalised example, by encouraging audience participation (e.g. asking for a show of hands), by starting with a surprising fact or statistic, by starting with a question
The good thing about stating your conclusion in the introduction is that you get your point across. The bad thing is that you are telling your audience what to think, and not allowing them to make their own conclusion.
Plan carefully, be ready to respond to audience questions, be clear by keeping language simple, sentences short, and using markers such as First of all, Now, Secondly to help people follow.