Cover of the textbook Cutting Edge Upper-Intermediate - Student's Book

The key answer of exercise 3

The key to exercise solutions in chapter 04 - Reading and speaking for the textbook Cutting Edge Upper-Intermediate - Student's Book with authors Sarah Cunningham, Peter Moor and Jonathan Bygrave from Pearson Education

Question

Work in pairs. Check you understand the words in bold in the questions below. Then read the article again and answer the questions.

Answer

  1. bile: depression and irritability; blood: brave and hopeful
  2. until the 19th century
  3. Because they thought the brain affected the shape of the head and phrenologists could give some insights into people's suitability for a job or as a marriage partner.
  4. Students' own answers. (Skinner thought a child's mind was a blank slate and that its educators' influence was all important.)
  5. In both cases, their parents are to a certain extent held responsible.
  6. Because it shows that the behaviour of normal, healthy people can change according to circumstances and the environment. It has become infamous because it was shocking to see ordinary people's behaviour so quickly changing for the worse.
  7. No, they shouldn't, because the influence of the environment is held to count for more than the genes. In practice, striking similarities emerge, showing the importance of genes.

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